Chapter 8 Summary
1. Like color or orientation, motion is a
perceptual dimension that is coded at various levels in the brain. Motion information is used to determine where objects are going and when they’re likely to get there, and to help us move through our environment without being hit in the head by flying objects.
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2. We can build a simple motion-detecting circuit by using linear filters that delay and sum information (and are followed by nonlinearities).
3. V1 neurons view the world through a small window, leading to the well-known
problem (that is, a V1 neuron is unable to tell which elements correspond with one another when an object moves through its receptive field).
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4. Strong physiological and behavioral evidence suggests that the
temporal area (MT) is involved in the perception of global motion.
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5. Aftereffects for motion, like those for orientation or color, can provide important insights into the underlying mechanisms of perception in humans.
6. Luminance-defined (
-order) motion and contrast- or texture-defined (
-order) motion appear to be analyzed by separate systems.
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7. The brain has to figure out which retinal motion arises in the world, and which arises because of eye movements. Moreover, the brain must
the motion signals generated by our eye movements, or the world will be pretty “smeared.”
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8. Motion information is critically important to us for navigating around our world, avoiding imminent collision, and recognizing the movement of animals and people.